Edwin J. Torres/Mayoral Photo Office
The mayor has shown some willingness to alter his housing plan. Looming federal budget cuts and deep concerns in neighborhoods targeted for rezoning mean a deeper rethink is needed.
In the Spring of 2014 Mayor de Blasio announced his ambitious 10-year housing plan to “build and preserve” 200,000 units of “affordable housing.” At the time, the city was in good fiscal shape. The economy overall was doing well, and there was every indication that no radical economic or political development would threaten that stability in the near term. So the mayor launched his Housing New York plan, which he followed with announcements of rezoning initiatives throughout the city, mostly in low-income communities of color. Like a ship going out to sea, all of these announcements were launched with much fanfare.
How has the housing plan fared? Based upon the administration’s numbers, they are ahead of schedule, producing or preserving 23,284 “affordable housing units” in 2016 alone. Impressive numbers! Of course, there is substantial debate regarding what exactly “affordable housing” means. For this administration, “affordable housing” is housing that is affordable to households earning up to $138,435 annually. That is 165 percent of the metropolitan Area Median Income (AMI).
Of more relevance, this level of “affordability” represents 338 percent of New York City’s median renter income (2014) and about 577 percent of the median income of areas like the South Bronx.
Citywide, since de Blasio took office in 2014, the city has built or preserved 62,506 “affordable” housing units. The majority of benefit has gone to households earning between about $42,000 and $67,000 annually. And even though the mayor has exceeded his absurdly low initial goal of 8 percent of units going to those earning less than $25,000 a year (14 percent claimed through 2016), it is estimated that only 10 percent will go to this income group over the course of his 10-year housing plan. The big problem is that in many of the areas targeted for rezoning, well over 50 percent of residents earn below this number, are severely rent burdened, and struggle with threats of displacement and homelessness on a monthly basis – even prior to the speculation, harassment and predatory investment that comes from announced and implemented rezoning initiatives.
At a more local level, using the Southern Boulevard “study area” of 125 blocks in Community Districts 2 and 3 as an example, 1,630 “affordable” units have been preserved and produced since 2014. Of those units, 206, or 13 percent, benefitted those households earning up to $24,500, even though 56 percent of the households in the study area earn less than $24,000. The majority of units (75 percent), consistent with the mayor’s housing plan, went to households with annual incomes in the $41,000 to $65,000 range. A full 75 percent, or 1,217 units, were dedicated to this income group.
These statistics, and the apprehension generated by them, show that Bronx residents are already at risk of displacement caused by market forces and city financed programs. Local residents are resisting this planning study as they fear (and now know) it is intended to lead to an upzoning and that upzoning will create or fuel market forces that will in turn lead to their accelerated displacement. (Although at public meetings the Bronx Director of City Planning and her staff repeatedly stated that this was not a zoning study, but simply a planning exercise with no specific intention as to outcome, this position was undermined recently when the City Planning Chair was quoted as stating explicitly that the Southern Boulevard “study” is a planning exercise intended to result in rezoning. Needless to say, this did not help to ease the mistrust of local residents.)
At a recent local forum, a similar analysis of the first three years’ progress on the mayor’s housing plan was presented by the Bronx Department of City Planning to local residents. Those attending were incensed. They scoffed at the notion that “low income” was defined as annual incomes that were 2 to 3 times the annual incomes they and their neighbors earn. Many asked in different ways what was it about this plan would benefit them. The only answer given by planning representatives was that the city was committed to providing housing for a mix of incomes, not just very low income households.
Thus far, the mayor has responded to the kinds of concerns cited at the recent forum by stating outright that rezoning does not cause displacement. He remarked recently that the Bushwick neighborhood in Brooklyn recently gentrified and since Bushwick was not rezoned, rezoning does not cause displacement. Of course, what he is saying is that the market causes displacement, while never explicitly acknowledging that zoning creates the markets that then cause displacement. Implicit in all of this is the belief that market forces are inevitable and cannot be controlled, only somewhat compensated for.
The mayor has been equally disingenuous when it comes to the growth of the homeless population. He appears largely unmoved by claims that the mere announcement of a rezoning plan prompts speculative investment and landlord harassment leading to displacement and homelessness. After much prodding, he did finally agree to support the New York City Council’s plan for a Right to Counsel in Housing Court. Unfortunately, he seems unwilling to reconsider his housing plan.
This is a mistake. It is time for a reset.
Like a ship launched out to sea receiving news of an impending tsunami, it is time to change course or return to shore and chart a new course. By every indication, the political tsunami is fast approaching. And by every indication our mayor is not inclined to reconsider his plan, doubling down on Economics 101 bromides about how increasing supply will benefit all, and reacting to continuing increases in the homeless population by promising to create more homeless shelters.
Preliminary projected federal budget cuts to housing amount to $6 billion or more. The projected cuts will eliminate Community Development Block Grants (CDBG, which funds 311 and most of the city’s code enforcement work), eliminate the HOME program that provides housing for very low-income residents, and reduce already inadequate funding for public housing, senior housing and housing subsidies for people with disabilities. Federally-funded rental subsidies are also targeted for major reductions. Not only will these cuts severely limit our ability to assist the most vulnerable among us, but they will also force lay-offs of the professional staff employed at our local housing agencies to operate critical housing programs. If any lessons can be learned from the Trump Administration to date, it is a safe bet that his administration will de-emphasize urban policy even more than past administrations and target remaining federal funds and benefits to areas that bolster his already announced reelection plans for 2020.
If the city insists on proceeding full steam ahead with their housing plan, elimination and reduction of these programs will force the city to rely even more on unsubsidized private sector developed and financed projects. This will undoubtedly lead to even more displacement and homelessness. Low-income areas throughout the city, and particularly the Bronx, will suffer.
Just this month, the Regional Plan Association (hardly a transmission belt for leftist policies) published a report entitled, Pushed Out – Housing Displacement in and Unaffordable Region. The report shows how, in the city overall, most of the population growth in so-called “accessible” areas has been in the form of new residents making over $100,000 annually.
But the report states that, given its infrastructure and transportation networks, the Bronx is now viewed as an “accessible” area. To quote from one section, “the Bronx saw growth almost exclusively from people making less than $50,000, although its large amount of walkable, job-accessible neighborhoods means this could easily shift in the near future. The Bronx has, by far, the highest proportion of these vulnerable tracts of any county in the region, with 71 percent of the borough being composed of tracts which show up on our index, and 44 percent of these tracts currently shifting toward a higher housing market.” In other words, over 70 percent of Bronx residents are in danger of displacement and homelessness if the market does to the Bronx what it did to Bushwick.
There has recently been welcoming news from the city’s housing department, HPD, in the form of a willingness to change some of its financing programs to accommodate deeper affordability. But is this enough? If there are choices that allow for deeper affordability, but also acceptable affordability levels for incomes as high as 165 percent of AMI, and priority is still given to applicants that do not maximize available city subsidies, will this really be a game changer?
It is time for this administration to step back, stop programs that favor for-profit development and result in radically transformed neighborhoods in the name of “affordable housing.” It is time for the city to refocus its energies and not inconsiderable talents on protecting at-risk tenancies, using public resources to develop and preserve housing resources for those most at risk of displacement and homelessness, and prioritizing not-for-profit housing development over for-profit housing development.
At best, this will curb the growth in homelessness, encourage truly low- and moderate-income neighborhood residents to support the mayor’s actions, and cease speculation where landlords see opportunities to “upgrade” their tenancies due to in-place or nearby rezoning announcements. At worst, it may deprive our mayor of bragging rights over claims of producing and preserving more units than his predecessors. Blindly pursuing our present course, however, could very well be a path to disaster.
Harry DeRienzo is president of the Banana Kelly Community Improvement Association.
6 thoughts on “CityViews: Is it Time for a Housing Plan Reset?”
Surprise, surprise. Not-for-profit housing developer (who still pulls a healthy salary), upset that the city is bypassing him to provide many more, and more deeply affordable units than Banana Kelly could, writes a piece whose conclusion is: “Hey, the city should give *us* that money.”
Not to mention that this piece is riddled with factual inaccuracies and a willfully misleading mixing-and-matching of figures on affordability. It’s unfortunate that Mr. DeRienzo has turned Banana Kelly into a tool for retribution of his wounded pride. He’s now doing more to stand in the way of affordability in his community than to promote it.
Not to mention how disheartening it is to see a culture of alternative facts corrupting a group that was once a beacon of reason and hope in the Bronx.
You stated that Mr. DeRienzo’s numbers are all wrong. Will you provide an example of your claim?
As a new resident of a Bronx community, I’ve watched the relentless and noteworthy efforts of Both Banana Kelly and its president, Mr. DeRienzo’s in and around the Bronx and the person you are describing is not the Harry DeRienzo I met and have come to respect because of what he has done in the community. If you want to talk about anyone standing in the way of affordability in the community, might I suggest you look to the councilman with the highest number of homeless shelters and cluster sites in his district and will do nothing about it? Start there and then decide for yourself if the blame truly rests in the lap of Mr. DeRienzo.
If anything is “riddled with factual inaccuracies and a willfully misleading mixing-and-matching of figures on affordability” talk to the mayor. He’s becoming quite the expert at misleading the people especially the residents of the Bronx.
We have to reset this plan. Because in whole this plan helps the greedy developer and corrupt politisians nota the poor people look at. Williamsburg bushwick and bedstuy people of color get. Hurt. In this plan and the middle class they get. Priced out coalición of the rockaways bruce Jacob chairman
I appreciate Harry DeRienzo’s remarks and the work Banana Kelly has accomplished over the decades for the low income households of the Bronx, and New York City. It simply is remarkable as it can not be discounted, nor disputed. The RPA Report helps to dispel CPC’ notion that the risk for displacement is not a factor in the Mayor’s Plan. That is malarkie. We have witnessed this displacement since the 2003 Rezoning of East Harlem; and again, RPA also honestly reported that in their “Report on East Harlem”. And yet, CPC does not admit to this nor do they include this factor into their required Environmental Impact Statements. Where would our communities be without Harry DeRienzo and RPA? Who else can we depend on to dispute the ludicrous claims of the Mayor’s Housing Proposal providing “affordable housing”, or CPC claiming that rezoning will not accelerate gentrification, nor NYC HPD stance complimented by NYC EDC’s position that displacement is not a significant factor within the Mayor’s targeted neighborhoods for Rezoning. I seriously doubt everything now being said from City Hall and the current administration and agency heads geared towards the economic removal of NYC’s poor. It simply is not right, and it is an injustice. Thank goodness for Harry DeRienzo- he has merit! Who else can we turn to for “real” affordable housing?
Some good facts here that scratch the surface.
The numbers game is a ruse. The luxury developers make off with profits, city and state tax credits and low cost loans, and the ability to build off site, eliminating the need for “poor doors” and having legal “poor” buildings. Rebny supported his Mih plan, does that not say it all?
And his latest scam for numbers is an attack on the Hdfc program enmasse to claim credit and add numbers for preserving units. Where are the buildings being demolitions with hundreds of units fit into the mayors fake numbers. A grandstanding shill of the real estate industry if you ask me. only a few left, and those are on the payroll directly or getting contracts, no one else is with him anymore, and sadly he might win with the lowest rate of electoral participation ever, as long as trump serves as a convenient foil for his bombast and the local media mostly tout whatever his spin gang spin with only the rare non vague critiques or real reporting.
Do I support not-for-profit development? Absolutely. Do I believe that profit has no role in affordable housing? Absolutely not. There are some not-for-profit community development corporations that have substantial capacity. But many, including Banana Kelly, have relied on for-profit partners in the past to develop difficult projects. There is a place to make a reasonable profit in development for these entities. There is a role in construction and, in many cases, property management as well. Where I have a problem is with ultimate ownership. If the public sector is investing resources in affordable housing, then the ultimate owners of those housing projects should either be the public or mission-based public charities. We made this mistake with Mitchel Lama housing, and we are now making the same mistake with affordable housing being created under successive 10-year housing plans. Affordable housing created with public support should not be owned by for-profit companies, but either preserved as public housing or controlled by mission based, not-for-profit, community development corporations.